This paper explores the current legal framework for dealing with electronic evidence obtained by law enforcement contrary to Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms principles. It discusses the analytical framework under s 24(2) of the Charter, and the principles from R v Grant, 2009 SCC 32, which apply when determining the exclusion of electronic evidence. The paper also discusses the use of electronic evidence to obtain judicial authorizations (for search warrants, production orders, etc.) where the evidence was obtained contrary to s 8 of the Charter.

This paper is part of a collection presented at LESA’s Search and Seizure program in Calgary on June 2, 2018 and in Edmonton on June 9, 2018.